git.delta.rocks / jrsonnet / refs/commits / a0455123d694

difftreelog

perf lesser and cheaper clones

Лач2020-06-26parent: #c1a6c6a.patch.diff
in: master

11 files changed

modifiedcmds/jrsonnet/src/main.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/cmds/jrsonnet/src/main.rs
+++ b/cmds/jrsonnet/src/main.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 use jsonnet_parser::{el, Arg, ArgsDesc, Expr, LocExpr, ParserSettings};
 use location::{offset_to_location, CodeLocation};
 use std::env::current_dir;
-use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf, str::FromStr};
+use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf, str::FromStr, rc::Rc};
 
 enum Format {
 	None,
@@ -128,10 +128,10 @@
 		evaluator.with_stdlib();
 	}
 	for ExtStr { name, value } in opts.ext_str.iter().cloned() {
-		evaluator.add_ext_var(name, Val::Str(value));
+		evaluator.add_ext_var(name.into(), Val::Str(value.into()));
 	}
 	for ExtStr { name, value } in opts.ext_code.iter().cloned() {
-		evaluator.add_ext_var(name, evaluator.parse_evaluate_raw(&value).unwrap());
+		evaluator.add_ext_var(name.into(), evaluator.parse_evaluate_raw(&value).unwrap());
 	}
 	let mut input = current_dir().unwrap();
 	input.push(opts.input.clone());
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
 				Val::Func(f) => {
 					let mut desc_map = HashMap::new();
 					for ExtStr { name, value } in opts.tla_str.iter().cloned() {
-						desc_map.insert(name, el!(Expr::Str(value)));
+						desc_map.insert(name, el!(Expr::Str(value.into())));
 					}
 					for ExtStr { name, value } in opts.tla_code.iter().cloned() {
 						desc_map.insert(
@@ -155,17 +155,17 @@
 							jsonnet_parser::parse(
 								&value,
 								&ParserSettings {
-									file_name: PathBuf::new(),
+									file_name: Rc::new(PathBuf::new()),
 									loc_data: false,
 								},
 							)
 							.unwrap(),
 						);
 					}
-					evaluator.add_global("__tmp__tlf__".to_owned(), Val::Func(f));
+					evaluator.add_global("__tmp__tlf__".into(), Val::Func(f));
 					evaluator
 						.evaluate_raw(el!(Expr::Apply(
-							el!(Expr::Var("__tmp__tlf__".to_owned())),
+							el!(Expr::Var("__tmp__tlf__".into())),
 							ArgsDesc(desc_map.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| Arg(Some(k), v)).collect()),
 							false,
 						)))
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
 					if opts.no_stdlib {
 						evaluator.with_stdlib();
 					}
-					evaluator.add_global("__tmp__to_json__".to_owned(), v);
+					evaluator.add_global("__tmp__to_json__".into(), v);
 					let v = evaluator.parse_evaluate_raw(&format!(
 						"std.manifestJsonEx(__tmp__to_json__, \"{}\")",
 						" ".repeat(opts.line_padding),
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
 					if opts.no_stdlib {
 						evaluator.with_stdlib();
 					}
-					evaluator.add_global("__tmp__to_yaml__".to_owned(), v);
+					evaluator.add_global("__tmp__to_yaml__".into(), v);
 					let v = evaluator
 						.parse_evaluate_raw("std.manifestYamlDoc(__tmp__to_yaml__, \"  \")");
 					match v {
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-evaluator/build.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/build.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/build.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 								Member::Field(FieldMember {
 									name: FieldName::Fixed(name),
 									..
-								}) if name == "join"
+								}) if **name == *"join"
 							)
 						})
 						.collect(),
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/ctx.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/ctx.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/ctx.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 	dollar: Option<ObjValue>,
 	this: Option<ObjValue>,
 	super_obj: Option<ObjValue>,
-	bindings: LayeredHashMap<String, LazyVal>,
+	bindings: LayeredHashMap<Rc<str>, LazyVal>,
 }
 pub struct Context(Rc<ContextInternals>);
 impl Debug for Context {
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@
 		}))
 	}
 
-	pub fn binding(&self, name: &str) -> Result<LazyVal> {
-		self.0.bindings.get(name).cloned().ok_or_else(|| {
-			create_error::<()>(Error::UnknownVariable(name.to_owned()))
+	pub fn binding(&self, name: Rc<str>) -> Result<LazyVal> {
+		self.0.bindings.get(&name).cloned().ok_or_else(|| {
+			create_error::<()>(Error::UnknownVariable(name))
 				.err()
 				.unwrap()
 		})
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 		ctx.unwrap()
 	}
 
-	pub fn with_var(&self, name: String, value: Val) -> Result<Context> {
+	pub fn with_var(&self, name: Rc<str>, value: Val) -> Result<Context> {
 		let mut new_bindings = HashMap::with_capacity(1);
 		new_bindings.insert(name, resolved_lazy_val!(value));
 		self.extend(new_bindings, None, None, None)
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 
 	pub fn extend(
 		&self,
-		new_bindings: HashMap<String, LazyVal>,
+		new_bindings: HashMap<Rc<str>, LazyVal>,
 		new_dollar: Option<ObjValue>,
 		new_this: Option<ObjValue>,
 		new_super_obj: Option<ObjValue>,
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 	}
 	pub fn extend_unbound(
 		&self,
-		new_bindings: HashMap<String, LazyBinding>,
+		new_bindings: HashMap<Rc<str>, LazyBinding>,
 		new_dollar: Option<ObjValue>,
 		new_this: Option<ObjValue>,
 		new_super_obj: Option<ObjValue>,
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/error.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
6pub enum Error {6pub enum Error {
7 VariableIsNotDefined(String),7 VariableIsNotDefined(String),
8 TypeMismatch(&'static str, Vec<ValType>, ValType),8 TypeMismatch(&'static str, Vec<ValType>, ValType),
9 NoSuchField(String),9 NoSuchField(Rc<str>),
1010
11 UnknownVariable(String),11 UnknownVariable(Rc<str>),
1212
13 UnknownFunctionParameter(String),13 UnknownFunctionParameter(String),
14 BindingParameterASecondTime(String),14 BindingParameterASecondTime(Rc<str>),
15 TooManyArgsFunctionHas(usize),15 TooManyArgsFunctionHas(usize),
16 FunctionParameterNotBoundInCall(String),16 FunctionParameterNotBoundInCall(Rc<str>),
1717
18 UndefinedExternalVariable(String),18 UndefinedExternalVariable(Rc<str>),
1919
20 FieldMustBeStringGot(ValType),20 FieldMustBeStringGot(ValType),
2121
22 AttemptedIndexAnArrayWithString(String),22 AttemptedIndexAnArrayWithString(Rc<str>),
23 ValueIndexMustBeTypeGot(ValType, ValType, ValType),23 ValueIndexMustBeTypeGot(ValType, ValType, ValType),
24 CantIndexInto(ValType),24 CantIndexInto(ValType),
2525
31 ImportNotSupported(PathBuf, PathBuf),31 ImportNotSupported(PathBuf, PathBuf),
32 ImportSyntaxError(jsonnet_parser::ParseError),32 ImportSyntaxError(jsonnet_parser::ParseError),
3333
34 RuntimeError(String),34 RuntimeError(Rc<str>),
35 StackOverflow,35 StackOverflow,
36 FractionalIndex,36 FractionalIndex,
37 DivisionByZero,37 DivisionByZero,
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/evaluate.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/evaluate.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/evaluate.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 	rc::Rc,
 };
 
-pub fn evaluate_binding(b: &BindSpec, context_creator: ContextCreator) -> (String, LazyBinding) {
+pub fn evaluate_binding(b: &BindSpec, context_creator: ContextCreator) -> (Rc<str>, LazyBinding) {
 	let b = b.clone();
 	if let Some(params) = &b.params {
 		let params = params.clone();
@@ -54,11 +54,12 @@
 pub fn evaluate_field_name(
 	context: Context,
 	field_name: &jsonnet_parser::FieldName,
-) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+) -> Result<Option<Rc<str>>> {
 	Ok(match field_name {
 		jsonnet_parser::FieldName::Fixed(n) => Some(n.clone()),
 		jsonnet_parser::FieldName::Dyn(expr) => {
-			let value = evaluate(context, expr)?.unwrap_if_lazy()?;
+			let lazy = evaluate(context, expr)?;
+			let value = lazy.unwrap_if_lazy()?;
 			if matches!(value, Val::Null) {
 				None
 			} else {
@@ -80,17 +81,17 @@
 
 pub(crate) fn evaluate_add_op(a: &Val, b: &Val) -> Result<Val> {
 	Ok(match (a, b) {
-		(Val::Str(v1), Val::Str(v2)) => Val::Str(v1.to_owned() + &v2),
+		(Val::Str(v1), Val::Str(v2)) => Val::Str(((**v1).to_owned() + &v2).into()),
 
 		// Can't use generic json serialization way, because it depends on number to string concatenation (std.jsonnet:890)
-		(Val::Num(n), Val::Str(o)) => Val::Str(format!("{}{}", n, o)),
-		(Val::Str(o), Val::Num(n)) => Val::Str(format!("{}{}", o, n)),
+		(Val::Num(n), Val::Str(o)) => Val::Str(format!("{}{}", n, o).into()),
+		(Val::Str(o), Val::Num(n)) => Val::Str(format!("{}{}", o, n).into()),
 
-		(Val::Str(s), o) => Val::Str(format!("{}{}", s, o.clone().into_json(0)?)),
-		(o, Val::Str(s)) => Val::Str(format!("{}{}", o.clone().into_json(0)?, s)),
+		(Val::Str(s), o) => Val::Str(format!("{}{}", s, o.clone().into_json(0)?).into()),
+		(o, Val::Str(s)) => Val::Str(format!("{}{}", o.clone().into_json(0)?, s).into()),
 
 		(Val::Obj(v1), Val::Obj(v2)) => Val::Obj(v2.with_super(v1.clone())),
-		(Val::Arr(a), Val::Arr(b)) => Val::Arr([&a[..], &b[..]].concat()),
+		(Val::Arr(a), Val::Arr(b)) => Val::Arr(Rc::new([&a[..], &b[..]].concat())),
 		(Val::Num(v1), Val::Num(v2)) => Val::Num(v1 + v2),
 		_ => panic!("can't add: {:?} and {:?}", a, b),
 	})
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@
 	Ok(match (a, op, b) {
 		(a, BinaryOpType::Add, b) => evaluate_add_op(a, b)?,
 
-		(Val::Str(v1), BinaryOpType::Mul, Val::Num(v2)) => Val::Str(v1.repeat(*v2 as usize)),
+		(Val::Str(v1), BinaryOpType::Mul, Val::Num(v2)) => Val::Str(v1.repeat(*v2 as usize).into()),
 
 		// Bool X Bool
 		(Val::Bool(a), BinaryOpType::And, Val::Bool(b)) => Val::Bool(*a && *b),
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@
 	})
 }
 
-future_wrapper!(HashMap<String, LazyBinding>, FutureNewBindings);
+future_wrapper!(HashMap<Rc<str>, LazyBinding>, FutureNewBindings);
 future_wrapper!(ObjValue, FutureObjValue);
 
 pub fn evaluate_comp<T>(
@@ -186,10 +187,10 @@
 			match evaluate(context.clone(), &expr)?.unwrap_if_lazy()? {
 				Val::Arr(list) => {
 					let mut out = Vec::new();
-					for item in list {
-						let item = item.clone().unwrap_if_lazy()?;
+					for item in list.iter() {
+						let item = item.unwrap_if_lazy()?;
 						out.push(evaluate_comp(
-							context.with_var(var.clone(), item)?,
+							context.with_var(var.clone(), item.clone())?,
 							value,
 							&specs[1..],
 						)?);
@@ -202,113 +203,108 @@
 	})
 }
 
-// TODO: Asserts
-pub fn evaluate_object(context: Context, object: ObjBody) -> Result<ObjValue> {
-	Ok(match object {
-		ObjBody::MemberList(members) => {
-			let new_bindings = FutureNewBindings::new();
-			let future_this = FutureObjValue::new();
-			let context_creator = context_creator!(
-				closure!(clone context, clone new_bindings, |this: Option<ObjValue>, super_obj: Option<ObjValue>| {
-					Ok(context.extend_unbound(
-						new_bindings.clone().unwrap(),
-						context.dollar().clone().or_else(||this.clone()),
-						Some(this.unwrap()),
-						super_obj
-					)?)
-				})
-			);
-			{
-				let mut bindings: HashMap<String, LazyBinding> = HashMap::new();
-				for (n, b) in members
-					.iter()
-					.filter_map(|m| match m {
-						Member::BindStmt(b) => Some(b.clone()),
-						_ => None,
-					})
-					.map(|b| evaluate_binding(&b, context_creator.clone()))
-				{
-					bindings.insert(n, b);
+pub fn evaluate_member_list_object(context: Context, members: &Vec<Member>) -> Result<ObjValue> {
+	let new_bindings = FutureNewBindings::new();
+	let future_this = FutureObjValue::new();
+	let context_creator = context_creator!(
+		closure!(clone context, clone new_bindings, |this: Option<ObjValue>, super_obj: Option<ObjValue>| {
+			Ok(context.extend_unbound(
+				new_bindings.clone().unwrap(),
+				context.dollar().clone().or_else(||this.clone()),
+				Some(this.unwrap()),
+				super_obj
+			)?)
+		})
+	);
+	{
+		let mut bindings: HashMap<Rc<str>, LazyBinding> = HashMap::new();
+		for (n, b) in members
+			.iter()
+			.filter_map(|m| match m {
+				Member::BindStmt(b) => Some(b.clone()),
+				_ => None,
+			})
+			.map(|b| evaluate_binding(&b, context_creator.clone()))
+		{
+			bindings.insert(n, b);
+		}
+		new_bindings.fill(bindings);
+	}
+
+	let mut new_members = BTreeMap::new();
+	for member in members.iter() {
+		match member {
+			Member::Field(FieldMember {
+				name,
+				plus,
+				params: None,
+				visibility,
+				value,
+			}) => {
+				let name = evaluate_field_name(context.clone(), &name)?;
+				if name.is_none() {
+					continue;
 				}
-				new_bindings.fill(bindings);
+				let name = name.unwrap();
+				new_members.insert(
+					name.clone(),
+					ObjMember {
+						add: *plus,
+						visibility: *visibility,
+						invoke: LazyBinding::Bindable(Rc::new(
+							closure!(clone name, clone value, clone context_creator, |this, super_obj| {
+								Ok(LazyVal::new_resolved(push(&value.1, "object field", ||{
+									let context = context_creator.0(this, super_obj)?;
+									evaluate(
+										context,
+										&value,
+									)
+								})?))
+							}),
+						)),
+					},
+				);
 			}
-
-			let mut new_members = BTreeMap::new();
-			for member in members.into_iter() {
-				match member {
-					Member::Field(FieldMember {
-						name,
-						plus,
-						params: None,
-						visibility,
-						value,
-					}) => {
-						let name = evaluate_field_name(context.clone(), &name)?;
-						if name.is_none() {
-							continue;
-						}
-						let name = name.unwrap();
-						new_members.insert(
-							name.clone(),
-							ObjMember {
-								add: plus,
-								visibility: visibility.clone(),
-								invoke: LazyBinding::Bindable(Rc::new(
-									closure!(clone name, clone value, clone context_creator, |this, super_obj| {
-										Ok(LazyVal::new_resolved(push(&value.1, "object field", ||{
-											let context = context_creator.0(this, super_obj)?;
-											evaluate(
-												context,
-												&value,
-											)?.unwrap_if_lazy()
-										})?))
-									}),
-								)),
-							},
-						);
-					}
-					Member::Field(FieldMember {
-						name,
-						params: Some(params),
-						value,
-						..
-					}) => {
-						let name = evaluate_field_name(context.clone(), &name)?;
-						if name.is_none() {
-							continue;
-						}
-						let name = name.unwrap();
-						new_members.insert(
-							name,
-							ObjMember {
-								add: false,
-								visibility: Visibility::Hidden,
-								invoke: LazyBinding::Bindable(Rc::new(
-									closure!(clone value, clone context_creator, |this, super_obj| {
-										// TODO: Assert
-										Ok(LazyVal::new_resolved(evaluate_method(
-											context_creator.0(this, super_obj)?,
-											params.clone(),
-											value.clone(),
-										)))
-									}),
-								)),
-							},
-						);
-					}
-					Member::BindStmt(_) => {}
-					Member::AssertStmt(_) => {}
+			Member::Field(FieldMember {
+				name,
+				params: Some(params),
+				value,
+				..
+			}) => {
+				let name = evaluate_field_name(context.clone(), &name)?;
+				if name.is_none() {
+					continue;
 				}
+				let name = name.unwrap();
+				new_members.insert(
+					name,
+					ObjMember {
+						add: false,
+						visibility: Visibility::Hidden,
+						invoke: LazyBinding::Bindable(Rc::new(
+							closure!(clone value, clone context_creator, clone params, |this, super_obj| {
+								// TODO: Assert
+								Ok(LazyVal::new_resolved(evaluate_method(
+									context_creator.0(this, super_obj)?,
+									params.clone(),
+									value.clone(),
+								)))
+							}),
+						)),
+					},
+				);
 			}
-			future_this.fill(ObjValue::new(None, Rc::new(new_members)))
+			Member::BindStmt(_) => {}
+			Member::AssertStmt(_) => {}
 		}
-		ObjBody::ObjComp {
-			pre_locals,
-			key,
-			value,
-			post_locals,
-			compspecs,
-		} => {
+	}
+	Ok(future_this.fill(ObjValue::new(None, Rc::new(new_members))))
+}
+
+pub fn evaluate_object(context: Context, object: &ObjBody) -> Result<ObjValue> {
+	Ok(match object {
+		ObjBody::MemberList(members) => evaluate_member_list_object(context, &members)?,
+		ObjBody::ObjComp(obj) => {
 			let future_this = FutureObjValue::new();
 			let mut new_members = BTreeMap::new();
 			for (k, v) in evaluate_comp(
@@ -325,26 +321,27 @@
 							)?)
 						})
 					);
-					let mut bindings: HashMap<String, LazyBinding> = HashMap::new();
-					for (n, b) in pre_locals
+					let mut bindings: HashMap<Rc<str>, LazyBinding> = HashMap::new();
+					for (n, b) in obj
+						.pre_locals
 						.iter()
-						.chain(post_locals.iter())
+						.chain(obj.post_locals.iter())
 						.map(|b| evaluate_binding(b, context_creator.clone()))
 					{
 						bindings.insert(n, b);
 					}
 					let bindings = new_bindings.fill(bindings);
 					let ctx = ctx.extend_unbound(bindings, None, None, None)?;
-					let key = evaluate(ctx.clone(), &key)?;
+					let key = evaluate(ctx.clone(), &obj.key)?;
 					let value = LazyBinding::Bindable(Rc::new(
-						closure!(clone ctx, clone value, |this, _super_obj| {
+						closure!(clone ctx, clone obj.value, |this, _super_obj| {
 							Ok(LazyVal::new_resolved(evaluate(ctx.extend(HashMap::new(), None, this, None)?, &value)?))
 						}),
 					));
 
 					Ok((key, value))
 				},
-				&compspecs,
+				&obj.compspecs,
 			)?
 			.unwrap()
 			{
@@ -394,7 +391,7 @@
 		BinaryOp(v1, o, v2) => evaluate_binary_op_special(context, &v1, *o, &v2)?,
 		UnaryOp(o, v) => evaluate_unary_op(*o, &evaluate(context, v)?)?,
 		Var(name) => push(loc, "var", || {
-			Val::Lazy(context.binding(&name)?).unwrap_if_lazy()
+			Ok(Val::Lazy(context.binding(name.clone())?).unwrap_if_lazy()?)
 		})?,
 		Index(LocExpr(v, _), index) if matches!(&**v, Expr::Literal(LiteralType::Super)) => {
 			let name = evaluate(context.clone(), index)?.try_cast_str("object index")?;
@@ -411,9 +408,9 @@
 				evaluate(context, index)?,
 			) {
 				(Val::Obj(v), Val::Str(s)) => {
-					if let Some(v) = v.get(&s)? {
+					if let Some(v) = v.get(s.clone())? {
 						v.unwrap_if_lazy()?
-					} else if let Some(Val::Str(n)) = v.get("__intristic_namespace__")? {
+					} else if let Some(Val::Str(n)) = v.get("__intristic_namespace__".into())? {
 						Val::Intristic(n, s)
 					} else {
 						create_error(crate::Error::NoSuchField(s))?
@@ -443,9 +440,13 @@
 					n.value_type()?,
 				))?,
 
-				(Val::Str(s), Val::Num(n)) => {
-					Val::Str(s.chars().skip(n as usize).take(1).collect())
-				}
+				(Val::Str(s), Val::Num(n)) => Val::Str(
+					s.chars()
+						.skip(n as usize)
+						.take(1)
+						.collect::<String>()
+						.into(),
+				),
 				(Val::Str(_), n) => create_error(crate::Error::ValueIndexMustBeTypeGot(
 					ValType::Str,
 					ValType::Num,
@@ -456,7 +457,7 @@
 			}
 		}
 		LocalExpr(bindings, returned) => {
-			let mut new_bindings: HashMap<String, LazyBinding> = HashMap::new();
+			let mut new_bindings: HashMap<Rc<str>, LazyBinding> = HashMap::new();
 			let future_context = Context::new_future();
 
 			let context_creator = context_creator!(
@@ -484,19 +485,20 @@
 					})
 				)));
 			}
-			Val::Arr(out)
+			Val::Arr(Rc::new(out))
 		}
 		ArrComp(expr, compspecs) => Val::Arr(
 			// First compspec should be forspec, so no "None" possible here
-			evaluate_comp(context, &|ctx| evaluate(ctx, expr), compspecs)?.unwrap(),
+			Rc::new(evaluate_comp(context, &|ctx| evaluate(ctx, expr), compspecs)?.unwrap()),
 		),
-		Obj(body) => Val::Obj(evaluate_object(context, body.clone())?),
+		Obj(body) => Val::Obj(evaluate_object(context, body)?),
 		ObjExtend(s, t) => evaluate_add_op(
 			&evaluate(context.clone(), s)?,
-			&Val::Obj(evaluate_object(context, t.clone())?),
+			&Val::Obj(evaluate_object(context, t)?),
 		)?,
 		Apply(value, args, tailstrict) => {
-			let value = evaluate(context.clone(), value)?.unwrap_if_lazy()?;
+			let lazy = evaluate(context.clone(), value)?;
+			let value = lazy.unwrap_if_lazy()?;
 			match value {
 				Val::Intristic(ns, name) => match (&ns as &str, &name as &str) {
 					// arr/string/function
@@ -519,7 +521,7 @@
 					("std", "type") => {
 						assert_eq!(args.len(), 1);
 						let expr = &args.get(0).unwrap().1;
-						Val::Str(evaluate(context, expr)?.value_type()?.name().to_owned())
+						Val::Str(evaluate(context, expr)?.value_type()?.name().into())
 					}
 					// length, idx=>any
 					("std", "makeArray") => {
@@ -532,14 +534,14 @@
 							let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(v as usize);
 							for i in 0..v as usize {
 								let call_ctx =
-									Context::new().with_var("v".to_owned(), Val::Num(i as f64))?;
+									Context::new().with_var("v".into(), Val::Num(i as f64))?;
 								out.push(d.evaluate(
 									call_ctx,
-									&ArgsDesc(vec![Arg(None, el!(Expr::Var("v".to_owned())))]),
+									&ArgsDesc(vec![Arg(None, el!(Expr::Var("v".into())))]),
 									true,
 								)?)
 							}
-							Val::Arr(out)
+							Val::Arr(Rc::new(out))
 						} else {
 							panic!("bad makeArray call");
 						}
@@ -564,13 +566,13 @@
 							evaluate(context.clone(), &args[0].1)?,
 							evaluate(context, &args[1].1)?,
 						) {
-							Val::Arr(
+							Val::Arr(Rc::new(
 								body.fields_visibility()
 									.into_iter()
 									.filter(|(_k, v)| *v || include_hidden)
 									.map(|(k, _v)| Val::Str(k))
 									.collect(),
-							)
+							))
 						} else {
 							panic!("bad objectFieldsEx call");
 						}
@@ -587,7 +589,7 @@
 								body.fields_visibility()
 									.into_iter()
 									.filter(|(_k, v)| *v || include_hidden)
-									.any(|(k, _v)| k == name),
+									.any(|(k, _v)| *k == *name),
 							)
 						} else {
 							panic!("bad objectHasEx call");
@@ -664,8 +666,8 @@
 							evaluate(context.clone(), &args[0].1)?,
 							evaluate(context.clone(), &args[1].1)?,
 						) {
-							Val::Arr(
-								arr.into_iter()
+							Val::Arr(Rc::new(
+								arr.iter()
 									.filter(|e| {
 										predicate
 											.evaluate_values(context.clone(), &[e.clone()])
@@ -673,8 +675,9 @@
 											.try_cast_bool("filter predicate")
 											.unwrap()
 									})
+									.cloned()
 									.collect(),
-							)
+							))
 						} else {
 							panic!("bad filter call");
 						}
@@ -682,33 +685,35 @@
 					// faster
 					("std", "join") => {
 						assert_eq!(args.len(), 2);
-						let joiner = evaluate(context.clone(), &args[0].1)?.unwrap_if_lazy()?;
-						let items = evaluate(context, &args[1].1)?.unwrap_if_lazy()?;
-						match (joiner, items) {
+						let joiner = evaluate(context.clone(), &args[0].1)?;
+						let items = evaluate(context, &args[1].1)?;
+						match (joiner.unwrap_if_lazy()?, items.unwrap_if_lazy()?) {
 							(Val::Arr(joiner_items), Val::Arr(items)) => {
 								// TODO: Minimal size should be known
 								let mut out = Vec::new();
 
 								let mut first = true;
-								for item in items {
+								for item in items.iter().cloned() {
 									if let Val::Arr(items) = item.unwrap_if_lazy()? {
 										if !first {
+											out.reserve(joiner_items.len());
 											out.extend(joiner_items.iter().cloned());
 										}
 										first = false;
-										out.extend(items);
+										out.reserve(items.len());
+										out.extend(items.iter().cloned());
 									} else {
 										panic!("all array items should be arrays")
 									}
 								}
 
-								Val::Arr(out)
+								Val::Arr(Rc::new(out))
 							}
 							(Val::Str(joiner), Val::Arr(items)) => {
 								let mut out = String::new();
 
 								let mut first = true;
-								for item in items {
+								for item in items.iter().cloned() {
 									if let Val::Str(item) = item.unwrap_if_lazy()? {
 										if !first {
 											out += &joiner;
@@ -720,7 +725,7 @@
 									}
 								}
 
-								Val::Str(out)
+								Val::Str(out.into())
 							}
 							(joiner, items) => panic!("bad join call: {:?} {:?}", joiner, items),
 						}
@@ -776,20 +781,20 @@
 			}
 		}
 		Import(path) => {
-			let mut import_location = loc
+			let mut tmp = loc
 				.clone()
 				.expect("imports can't be used without loc_data")
-				.0
-				.clone();
+				.0;
+			let import_location = Rc::make_mut(&mut tmp);
 			import_location.pop();
 			with_state(|s| s.import_file(&import_location, path))?
 		}
 		ImportStr(path) => {
-			let mut import_location = loc
+			let mut tmp = loc
 				.clone()
 				.expect("imports can't be used without loc_data")
-				.0
-				.clone();
+				.0;
+			let import_location = Rc::make_mut(&mut tmp);
 			import_location.pop();
 			Val::Str(with_state(|s| s.import_file_str(&import_location, path))?)
 		}
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/function.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/function.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/function.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 	let mut positioned_args = vec![None; params.0.len()];
 	for (id, arg) in args.iter().enumerate() {
 		let idx = if let Some(name) = &arg.0 {
-			params.iter().position(|p| &p.0 == name).ok_or_else(|| {
+			params.iter().position(|p| *p.0 == *name).ok_or_else(|| {
 				create_error::<()>(Error::UnknownFunctionParameter(name.clone()))
 					.err()
 					.unwrap()
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/lib.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/lib.rs
@@ -65,11 +65,11 @@
 	/// Contains file source codes and evaluated results for imports and pretty
 	/// printing stacktraces
 	files: RefCell<HashMap<PathBuf, FileData>>,
-	str_files: RefCell<HashMap<PathBuf, String>>,
-	globals: RefCell<HashMap<String, Val>>,
+	str_files: RefCell<HashMap<PathBuf, Rc<str>>>,
+	globals: RefCell<HashMap<Rc<str>, Val>>,
 
 	/// Values to use with std.extVar
-	ext_vars: RefCell<HashMap<String, Val>>,
+	ext_vars: RefCell<HashMap<Rc<str>, Val>>,
 
 	settings: EvaluationSettings,
 	import_resolver: Box<dyn ImportResolver>,
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
 	with_state(|s| s.error(err))
 }
 pub(crate) fn push<T>(
-	e: &Option<Rc<ExprLocation>>,
+	e: &Option<ExprLocation>,
 	comment: &str,
 	f: impl FnOnce() -> Result<T>,
 ) -> Result<T> {
@@ -185,11 +185,14 @@
 		})?;
 		self.evaluate_file(&file_path)
 	}
-	pub(crate) fn import_file_str(&self, from: &PathBuf, path: &PathBuf) -> Result<String> {
+	pub(crate) fn import_file_str(&self, from: &PathBuf, path: &PathBuf) -> Result<Rc<str>> {
 		let path = self.0.import_resolver.resolve_file(from, path)?;
 		if !self.0.str_files.borrow().contains_key(&path) {
 			let file_str = self.0.import_resolver.load_file_contents(&path)?;
-			self.0.str_files.borrow_mut().insert(path.clone(), file_str);
+			self.0
+				.str_files
+				.borrow_mut()
+				.insert(path.clone(), file_str.into());
 		}
 		Ok(self.0.str_files.borrow().get(&path).cloned().unwrap())
 	}
@@ -210,10 +213,10 @@
 		self.run_in_state(|| evaluate(self.create_default_context()?, &code))
 	}
 
-	pub fn add_global(&self, name: String, value: Val) {
+	pub fn add_global(&self, name: Rc<str>, value: Val) {
 		self.0.globals.borrow_mut().insert(name, value);
 	}
-	pub fn add_ext_var(&self, name: String, value: Val) {
+	pub fn add_ext_var(&self, name: Rc<str>, value: Val) {
 		self.0.ext_vars.borrow_mut().insert(name, value);
 	}
 
@@ -236,14 +239,14 @@
 					.unwrap();
 			}
 			let val = self.evaluate_file(&PathBuf::from("std.jsonnet")).unwrap();
-			self.add_global("std".to_owned(), val);
+			self.add_global("std".into(), val);
 		});
 		self
 	}
 
 	pub fn create_default_context(&self) -> Result<Context> {
 		let globals = self.0.globals.borrow();
-		let mut new_bindings: HashMap<String, LazyBinding> = HashMap::new();
+		let mut new_bindings: HashMap<Rc<str>, LazyBinding> = HashMap::new();
 		for (name, value) in globals.iter() {
 			new_bindings.insert(
 				name.clone(),
@@ -255,7 +258,7 @@
 
 	pub fn push<T>(
 		&self,
-		e: Rc<ExprLocation>,
+		e: ExprLocation,
 		comment: String,
 		f: impl FnOnce() -> Result<T>,
 	) -> Result<T> {
@@ -362,7 +365,7 @@
 			let evaluator = EvaluationState::default();
 			evaluator.with_stdlib();
 			let val = evaluator.parse_evaluate_raw($str).unwrap();
-			evaluator.add_global("__tmp__to_yaml__".to_owned(), val);
+			evaluator.add_global("__tmp__to_yaml__".into(), val);
 			evaluator
 				.parse_evaluate_raw("std.manifestJsonEx(__tmp__to_yaml__, \"\")")
 				.unwrap()
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/obj.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/obj.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/obj.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct ObjValueInternals {
 	super_obj: Option<ObjValue>,
-	this_entries: Rc<BTreeMap<String, ObjMember>>,
-	value_cache: RefCell<HashMap<String, Val>>,
+	this_entries: Rc<BTreeMap<Rc<str>, ObjMember>>,
+	value_cache: RefCell<HashMap<Rc<str>, Val>>,
 }
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct ObjValue(pub(crate) Rc<ObjValueInternals>);
 impl Debug for ObjValue {
 	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@
 impl ObjValue {
 	pub fn new(
 		super_obj: Option<ObjValue>,
-		this_entries: Rc<BTreeMap<String, ObjMember>>,
+		this_entries: Rc<BTreeMap<Rc<str>, ObjMember>>,
 	) -> ObjValue {
 		ObjValue(Rc::new(ObjValueInternals {
 			super_obj,
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@
 			Some(v) => ObjValue::new(Some(v.with_super(super_obj)), self.0.this_entries.clone()),
 		}
 	}
-	pub fn enum_fields(&self, handler: &impl Fn(&str, &Visibility)) {
+	pub fn enum_fields(&self, handler: &impl Fn(&Rc<str>, &Visibility)) {
 		if let Some(s) = &self.0.super_obj {
 			s.enum_fields(handler);
 		}
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@
 			handler(&name, &member.visibility);
 		}
 	}
-	pub fn fields_visibility(&self) -> IndexMap<String, bool> {
+	pub fn fields_visibility(&self) -> IndexMap<Rc<str>, bool> {
 		let out = Rc::new(RefCell::new(IndexMap::new()));
 		self.enum_fields(&|name, visibility| {
 			let mut out = out.borrow_mut();
@@ -85,16 +86,20 @@
 		});
 		Rc::try_unwrap(out).unwrap().into_inner()
 	}
-	pub fn get(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Option<Val>> {
-		if let Some(v) = self.0.value_cache.borrow().get(key) {
+	pub fn visible_fields(&self) -> Vec<Rc<str>> {
+		self.fields_visibility()
+			.into_iter()
+			.filter(|(_k, v)| *v)
+			.map(|(k, _)| k)
+			.collect()
+	}
+	pub fn get(&self, key: Rc<str>) -> Result<Option<Val>> {
+		if let Some(v) = self.0.value_cache.borrow().get(&key) {
 			return Ok(Some(v.clone()));
 		}
-		if let Some(v) = self.get_raw(key, self)? {
+		if let Some(v) = self.get_raw(&key, self)? {
 			let v = v.unwrap_if_lazy()?;
-			self.0
-				.value_cache
-				.borrow_mut()
-				.insert(key.to_owned(), v.clone());
+			self.0.value_cache.borrow_mut().insert(key, v.clone());
 			Ok(Some(v))
 		} else {
 			Ok(None)
@@ -108,10 +113,10 @@
 					.evaluate()?,
 			)),
 			(Some(k), Some(s)) => {
-				let our = k
+				let lazy = k
 					.invoke
-					.evaluate(Some(real_this.clone()), self.0.super_obj.clone())?
-					.evaluate()?;
+					.evaluate(Some(real_this.clone()), self.0.super_obj.clone())?;
+				let our = lazy.evaluate()?;
 				if k.add {
 					s.get_raw(key, real_this)?
 						.map_or(Ok(Some(our.clone())), |v| {
@@ -124,11 +129,6 @@
 			(None, Some(s)) => s.get_raw(key, real_this),
 			(None, None) => Ok(None),
 		}
-	}
-}
-impl Clone for ObjValue {
-	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
-		ObjValue(self.0.clone())
 	}
 }
 impl PartialEq for ObjValue {
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/val.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/val.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-evaluator/src/val.rs
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 	}
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
 pub enum ValType {
 	Bool,
 	Null,
@@ -115,42 +115,46 @@
 pub enum Val {
 	Bool(bool),
 	Null,
-	Str(String),
+	Str(Rc<str>),
 	Num(f64),
 	Lazy(LazyVal),
-	Arr(Vec<Val>),
+	Arr(Rc<Vec<Val>>),
 	Obj(ObjValue),
 	Func(FuncDesc),
 
 	// Library functions implemented in native
-	Intristic(String, String),
+	Intristic(Rc<str>, Rc<str>),
+}
+macro_rules! matches_unwrap {
+	($e: expr, $p: pat, $r: expr) => {
+		match $e {
+			$p => $r,
+			_ => panic!("no match"),
+			}
+	};
 }
 impl Val {
+	pub fn assert_type(&self, context: &'static str, val_type: ValType) -> Result<()> {
+		let this_type = self.value_type()?;
+		if this_type != val_type {
+			create_error(Error::TypeMismatch(context, vec![val_type], this_type))
+		} else {
+			Ok(())
+		}
+	}
 	pub fn try_cast_bool(self, context: &'static str) -> Result<bool> {
-		match self.unwrap_if_lazy()? {
-			Val::Bool(v) => Ok(v),
-			v => create_error(Error::TypeMismatch(
-				context,
-				vec![ValType::Bool],
-				v.value_type()?,
-			)),
-		}
+		self.assert_type(context, ValType::Bool)?;
+		Ok(matches_unwrap!(self.unwrap_if_lazy()?, Val::Bool(v), v))
 	}
-	pub fn try_cast_str(self, context: &'static str) -> Result<String> {
-		match self.unwrap_if_lazy()? {
-			Val::Str(v) => Ok(v),
-			v => create_error(Error::TypeMismatch(
-				context,
-				vec![ValType::Str],
-				v.value_type()?,
-			)),
-		}
+	pub fn try_cast_str(self, context: &'static str) -> Result<Rc<str>> {
+		self.assert_type(context, ValType::Str)?;
+		Ok(matches_unwrap!(self.unwrap_if_lazy()?, Val::Str(v), v))
 	}
-	pub fn unwrap_if_lazy(self) -> Result<Self> {
+	pub fn unwrap_if_lazy(&self) -> Result<Self> {
 		Ok(if let Val::Lazy(v) = self {
 			v.evaluate()?.unwrap_if_lazy()?
 		} else {
-			self
+			self.clone()
 		})
 	}
 	pub fn value_type(&self) -> Result<ValType> {
@@ -166,26 +170,30 @@
 			Val::Lazy(_) => self.clone().unwrap_if_lazy()?.value_type()?,
 		})
 	}
-	pub fn into_json(self, padding: usize) -> Result<String> {
+	pub fn into_json(self, padding: usize) -> Result<Rc<str>> {
 		with_state(|s| {
 			let ctx = s
 				.create_default_context()?
-				.with_var("__tmp__to_json__".to_owned(), self)?;
-			if let Val::Str(result) = evaluate(
+				.with_var("__tmp__to_json__".into(), self)?;
+			Ok(evaluate(
 				ctx,
 				&el!(Expr::Apply(
 					el!(Expr::Index(
-						el!(Expr::Var("std".to_owned())),
-						el!(Expr::Str("manifestJsonEx".to_owned()))
+						el!(Expr::Var("std".into())),
+						el!(Expr::Str("manifestJsonEx".into()))
 					)),
 					ArgsDesc(vec![
-						Arg(None, el!(Expr::Var("__tmp__to_json__".to_owned()))),
-						Arg(None, el!(Expr::Str(" ".repeat(padding))))
+						Arg(None, el!(Expr::Var("__tmp__to_json__".into()))),
+						Arg(None, el!(Expr::Str(" ".repeat(padding).into())))
 					]),
 					false
 				)),
-			)? {
-				Ok(result)
+			)?
+			.try_cast_str("to json")?)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 			} else {
 				unreachable!()
 			}
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-parser/src/expr.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-parser/src/expr.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-parser/src/expr.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::{fmt::Debug, ops::Deref, path::PathBuf, rc::Rc};
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum FieldName {
 	/// {fixed: 2}
-	Fixed(String),
+	Fixed(Rc<str>),
 	/// {["dyn"+"amic"]: 3}
 	Dyn(LocExpr),
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum Visibility {
 	/// :
 	Normal,
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@
 	Unhide,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct AssertStmt(pub LocExpr, pub Option<LocExpr>);
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct FieldMember {
 	pub name: FieldName,
 	pub plus: bool,
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 	pub value: LocExpr,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum Member {
 	Field(FieldMember),
 	BindStmt(BindSpec),
@@ -71,11 +71,11 @@
 }
 
 /// name, default value
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct Param(pub String, pub Option<LocExpr>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Param(pub Rc<str>, pub Option<LocExpr>);
 /// Defined function parameters
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct ParamsDesc(pub Vec<Param>);
+pub struct ParamsDesc(pub Rc<Vec<Param>>);
 impl Deref for ParamsDesc {
 	type Target = Vec<Param>;
 	fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@
 	}
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Arg(pub Option<String>, pub LocExpr);
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct ArgsDesc(pub Vec<Arg>);
 impl Deref for ArgsDesc {
 	type Target = Vec<Arg>;
@@ -96,35 +96,38 @@
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct BindSpec {
-	pub name: String,
+	pub name: Rc<str>,
 	pub params: Option<ParamsDesc>,
 	pub value: LocExpr,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct IfSpecData(pub LocExpr);
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct ForSpecData(pub String, pub LocExpr);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ForSpecData(pub Rc<str>, pub LocExpr);
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum CompSpec {
 	IfSpec(IfSpecData),
 	ForSpec(ForSpecData),
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ObjComp {
+	pub pre_locals: Vec<BindSpec>,
+	pub key: LocExpr,
+	pub value: LocExpr,
+	pub post_locals: Vec<BindSpec>,
+	pub compspecs: Vec<CompSpec>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum ObjBody {
 	MemberList(Vec<Member>),
-	ObjComp {
-		pre_locals: Vec<BindSpec>,
-		key: LocExpr,
-		value: LocExpr,
-		post_locals: Vec<BindSpec>,
-		compspecs: Vec<CompSpec>,
-	},
+	ObjComp(ObjComp),
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum LiteralType {
 	This,
 	Super,
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@
 	False,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct SliceDesc {
 	pub start: Option<LocExpr>,
 	pub end: Option<LocExpr>,
@@ -142,16 +145,16 @@
 }
 
 /// Syntax base
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum Expr {
 	Literal(LiteralType),
 
 	/// String value: "hello"
-	Str(String),
+	Str(Rc<str>),
 	/// Number: 1, 2.0, 2e+20
 	Num(f64),
 	/// Variable name: test
-	Var(String),
+	Var(Rc<str>),
 
 	/// Array of expressions: [1, 2, "Hello"]
 	Arr(Vec<LocExpr>),
modifiedcrates/jsonnet-parser/src/lib.rsdiffbeforeafterboth
--- a/crates/jsonnet-parser/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/jsonnet-parser/src/lib.rs
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 
 		/// Reserved word followed by any non-alphanumberic
 		rule reserved() = ("assert" / "else" / "error" / "false" / "for" / "function" / "if" / "import" / "importstr" / "in" / "local" / "null" / "tailstrict" / "then" / "self" / "super" / "true") end_of_ident()
-		rule id() -> String = quiet!{ !reserved() s:$(alpha() (alpha() / digit())*) {s.to_owned()}} / expected!("<identifier>")
+		rule id() = quiet!{ !reserved() alpha() (alpha() / digit())*} / expected!("<identifier>")
 
 		rule keyword(id: &'static str)
 			= ##parse_string_literal(id) end_of_ident()
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 		rule l(s: &ParserSettings, x: rule<Expr>) -> LocExpr
 			= start:position!() v:x() end:position!() {loc_expr!(v, s.loc_data, (s.file_name.clone(), start, end))}
 
-		pub rule param(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::Param = name:id() expr:(_ "=" _ expr:expr(s){expr})? { expr::Param(name, expr) }
+		pub rule param(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::Param = name:$(id()) expr:(_ "=" _ expr:expr(s){expr})? { expr::Param(name.into(), expr) }
 		pub rule params(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::ParamsDesc
 			= params:(param(s) ** comma()) {
 				let mut defaults_started = false;
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@
 					defaults_started = defaults_started || param.1.is_some();
 					assert_eq!(defaults_started, param.1.is_some(), "defauld parameters should be used after all positionals");
 				}
-				expr::ParamsDesc(params)
+				expr::ParamsDesc(Rc::new(params))
 			}
-			/ { expr::ParamsDesc(Vec::new()) }
+			/ { expr::ParamsDesc(Rc::new(Vec::new())) }
 
 		pub rule arg(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::Arg
-			= name:id() _ "=" _ expr:expr(s) {expr::Arg(Some(name), expr)}
+			= name:$(id()) _ "=" _ expr:expr(s) {expr::Arg(Some(name.into()), expr)}
 			/ expr:expr(s) {expr::Arg(None, expr)}
 		pub rule args(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::ArgsDesc
 			= args:arg(s) ** comma() comma()? {
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@
 			/ { expr::ArgsDesc(Vec::new()) }
 
 		pub rule bind(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::BindSpec
-			= name:id() _ "=" _ expr:expr(s) {expr::BindSpec{name, params: None, value: expr}}
-			/ name:id() _ "(" _ params:params(s) _ ")" _ "=" _ expr:expr(s) {expr::BindSpec{name, params: Some(params), value: expr}}
+			= name:$(id()) _ "=" _ expr:expr(s) {expr::BindSpec{name:name.into(), params: None, value: expr}}
+			/ name:$(id()) _ "(" _ params:params(s) _ ")" _ "=" _ expr:expr(s) {expr::BindSpec{name:name.into(), params: Some(params), value: expr}}
 		pub rule assertion(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::AssertStmt
 			= keyword("assert") _ cond:expr(s) msg:(_ ":" _ e:expr(s) {e})? { expr::AssertStmt(cond, msg) }
 
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@
 			/ string_block()
 
 		pub rule field_name(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::FieldName
-			= name:id() {expr::FieldName::Fixed(name)}
-			/ name:string() {expr::FieldName::Fixed(name)}
+			= name:$(id()) {expr::FieldName::Fixed(name.into())}
+			/ name:string() {expr::FieldName::Fixed(name.into())}
 			/ "[" _ expr:expr(s) _ "]" {expr::FieldName::Dyn(expr)}
 		pub rule visibility() -> expr::Visibility
 			= ":::" {expr::Visibility::Unhide}
@@ -125,35 +125,41 @@
 			/ field:field(s) {expr::Member::Field(field)}
 		pub rule objinside(s: &ParserSettings) -> expr::ObjBody
 			= pre_locals:(b: obj_local(s) comma() {b})* "[" _ key:expr(s) _ "]" _ ":" _ value:expr(s) post_locals:(comma() b:obj_local(s) {b})* _ forspec:forspec(s) others:(_ rest:compspec(s) {rest})? {
-				expr::ObjBody::ObjComp {
+				let mut compspecs = vec![CompSpec::ForSpec(forspec)];
+				compspecs.extend(others.unwrap_or_default());
+				expr::ObjBody::ObjComp(expr::ObjComp{
 					pre_locals,
 					key,
 					value,
 					post_locals,
-					compspecs: [vec![CompSpec::ForSpec(forspec)], others.unwrap_or_default()].concat(),
-				}
+					compspecs,
+				})
 			}
 			/ members:(member(s) ** comma()) comma()? {expr::ObjBody::MemberList(members)}
 		pub rule ifspec(s: &ParserSettings) -> IfSpecData
 			= keyword("if") _ expr:expr(s) {IfSpecData(expr)}
 		pub rule forspec(s: &ParserSettings) -> ForSpecData
-			= keyword("for") _ id:id() _ keyword("in") _ cond:expr(s) {ForSpecData(id, cond)}
+			= keyword("for") _ id:$(id()) _ keyword("in") _ cond:expr(s) {ForSpecData(id.into(), cond)}
 		pub rule compspec(s: &ParserSettings) -> Vec<expr::CompSpec>
 			= s:(i:ifspec(s) { expr::CompSpec::IfSpec(i) } / f:forspec(s) {expr::CompSpec::ForSpec(f)} ) ** _ {s}
 		pub rule local_expr(s: &ParserSettings) -> LocExpr
 			= l(s,<keyword("local") _ binds:bind(s) ** comma() _ ";" _ expr:expr(s) { Expr::LocalExpr(binds, expr) }>)
 		pub rule string_expr(s: &ParserSettings) -> LocExpr
-			= l(s, <s:string() {Expr::Str(s)}>)
+			= l(s, <s:string() {Expr::Str(s.into())}>)
 		pub rule obj_expr(s: &ParserSettings) -> LocExpr
 			= l(s,<"{" _ body:objinside(s) _ "}" {Expr::Obj(body)}>)
 		pub rule array_expr(s: &ParserSettings) -> LocExpr
 			= l(s,<"[" _ elems:(expr(s) ** comma()) _ comma()? "]" {Expr::Arr(elems)}>)
 		pub rule array_comp_expr(s: &ParserSettings) -> LocExpr
-			= l(s,<"[" _ expr:expr(s) _ comma()? _ forspec:forspec(s) _ others:(others: compspec(s) _ {others})? "]" {Expr::ArrComp(expr, [vec![CompSpec::ForSpec(forspec)], others.unwrap_or_default()].concat())}>)
+			= l(s,<"[" _ expr:expr(s) _ comma()? _ forspec:forspec(s) _ others:(others: compspec(s) _ {others})? "]" {
+				let mut specs = vec![CompSpec::ForSpec(forspec)];
+				specs.extend(others.unwrap_or_default());
+				Expr::ArrComp(expr, specs)
+			}>)
 		pub rule number_expr(s: &ParserSettings) -> LocExpr
 			= l(s,<n:number() { expr::Expr::Num(n) }>)
 		pub rule var_expr(s: &ParserSettings) -> LocExpr
-			= l(s,<n:id() { expr::Expr::Var(n) }>)
+			= l(s,<n:$(id()) { expr::Expr::Var(n.into()) }>)
 		pub rule if_then_else_expr(s: &ParserSettings) -> LocExpr
 			= l(s,<cond:ifspec(s) _ keyword("then") _ cond_then:expr(s) cond_else:(_ keyword("else") _ e:expr(s) {e})? {Expr::IfElse{
 				cond,
@@ -219,16 +225,16 @@
 				--
 				a:(@) _ "==" _ b:@ {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::Apply(
 					el!(Expr::Index(
-						el!(Expr::Var("std".to_owned())),
-						el!(Expr::Str("equals".to_owned()))
+						el!(Expr::Var("std".into())),
+						el!(Expr::Str("equals".into()))
 					)),
 					ArgsDesc(vec![Arg(None, a), Arg(None, b)]),
 					true
 				))}
 				a:(@) _ "!=" _ b:@ {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Expr::Apply(
 					el!(Expr::Index(
-						el!(Expr::Var("std".to_owned())),
-						el!(Expr::Str("equals".to_owned()))
+						el!(Expr::Var("std".into())),
+						el!(Expr::Str("equals".into()))
 					)),
 					ArgsDesc(vec![Arg(None, a), Arg(None, b)]),
 					true
@@ -240,8 +246,8 @@
 				a:(@) _ ">=" _ b:@ {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::BinaryOp(a, BinaryOpType::Gte, b))}
 				a:(@) _ keyword("in") _ b:@ {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::Apply(
 					el!(Expr::Index(
-						el!(Expr::Var("std".to_owned())),
-						el!(Expr::Str("objectHasEx".to_owned()))
+						el!(Expr::Var("std".into())),
+						el!(Expr::Str("objectHasEx".into()))
 					)), ArgsDesc(vec![Arg(None, b), Arg(None, a), Arg(None, el!(Expr::Literal(LiteralType::True)))]),
 					true
 				))}
@@ -256,8 +262,8 @@
 				a:(@) _ "/" _ b:@ {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::BinaryOp(a, BinaryOpType::Div, b))}
 				a:(@) _ "%" _ b:@ {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::Apply(
 					el!(Expr::Index(
-						el!(Expr::Var("std".to_owned())),
-						el!(Expr::Str("mod".to_owned()))
+						el!(Expr::Var("std".into())),
+						el!(Expr::Str("mod".into()))
 					)), ArgsDesc(vec![Arg(None, a), Arg(None, b)]),
 					true
 				))}
@@ -268,8 +274,8 @@
 				--
 				a:(@) _ "[" _ s:slice_desc(s) _ "]" {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::Apply(
 					el!(Expr::Index(
-						el!(Expr::Var("std".to_owned())),
-						el!(Expr::Str("slice".to_owned())),
+						el!(Expr::Var("std".into())),
+						el!(Expr::Str("slice".into())),
 					)),
 					ArgsDesc(vec![
 						Arg(None, a),
@@ -279,7 +285,7 @@
 					]),
 					true,
 				))}
-				a:(@) _ "." _ s:id() {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::Index(a, el!(Expr::Str(s))))}
+				a:(@) _ "." _ s:$(id()) {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::Index(a, el!(Expr::Str(s.into()))))}
 				a:(@) _ "[" _ s:expr(s) _ "]" {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::Index(a, s))}
 				a:(@) _ "(" _ args:args(s) _ ")" ts:(_ keyword("tailstrict"))? {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::Apply(a, args, ts.is_some()))}
 				a:(@) _ "{" _ body:objinside(s) _ "}" {loc_expr_todo!(Expr::ObjExtend(a, body))}
@@ -352,7 +358,7 @@
 	fn multiline_string() {
 		assert_eq!(
 			parse!("|||\n    Hello world!\n     a\n|||"),
-			el!(Expr::Str("Hello world!\n a\n".to_owned())),
+			el!(Expr::Str("Hello world!\n a\n".into())),
 		)
 	}
 
@@ -369,20 +375,20 @@
 	fn string_escaping() {
 		assert_eq!(
 			parse!(r#""Hello, \"world\"!""#),
-			el!(Expr::Str(r#"Hello, "world"!"#.to_owned())),
+			el!(Expr::Str(r#"Hello, "world"!"#.into())),
 		);
 		assert_eq!(
 			parse!(r#"'Hello \'world\'!'"#),
-			el!(Expr::Str("Hello 'world'!".to_owned())),
+			el!(Expr::Str("Hello 'world'!".into())),
 		);
-		assert_eq!(parse!(r#"'\\\\'"#), el!(Expr::Str("\\\\".to_owned())),);
+		assert_eq!(parse!(r#"'\\\\'"#), el!(Expr::Str("\\\\".into())),);
 	}
 
 	#[test]
 	fn string_unescaping() {
 		assert_eq!(
 			parse!(r#""Hello\nWorld""#),
-			el!(Expr::Str("Hello\nWorld".to_owned())),
+			el!(Expr::Str("Hello\nWorld".into())),
 		);
 	}
 
@@ -390,7 +396,7 @@
 	fn string_verbantim() {
 		assert_eq!(
 			parse!(r#"@"Hello\n""World""""#),
-			el!(Expr::Str("Hello\\n\"World\"".to_owned())),
+			el!(Expr::Str("Hello\\n\"World\"".into())),
 		);
 	}
 
@@ -489,16 +495,13 @@
 			parse!("[std.deepJoin(x) for x in arr]"),
 			el!(ArrComp(
 				el!(Apply(
-					el!(Index(
-						el!(Var("std".to_owned())),
-						el!(Str("deepJoin".to_owned()))
-					)),
-					ArgsDesc(vec![Arg(None, el!(Var("x".to_owned())))]),
+					el!(Index(el!(Var("std".into())), el!(Str("deepJoin".into())))),
+					ArgsDesc(vec![Arg(None, el!(Var("x".into())))]),
 					false,
 				)),
 				vec![CompSpec::ForSpec(ForSpecData(
-					"x".to_owned(),
-					el!(Var("arr".to_owned()))
+					"x".into(),
+					el!(Var("arr".into()))
 				))]
 			)),
 		)
@@ -508,7 +511,7 @@
 	fn reserved() {
 		use Expr::*;
 		assert_eq!(parse!("null"), el!(Literal(LiteralType::Null)));
-		assert_eq!(parse!("nulla"), el!(Var("nulla".to_owned())));
+		assert_eq!(parse!("nulla"), el!(Var("nulla".into())));
 	}
 
 	#[test]
@@ -522,9 +525,9 @@
 		assert_eq!(
 			parse!("!a && !b"),
 			el!(BinaryOp(
-				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("a".to_owned())))),
+				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("a".into())))),
 				BinaryOpType::And,
-				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("b".to_owned()))))
+				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("b".into()))))
 			))
 		);
 	}
@@ -535,9 +538,9 @@
 		assert_eq!(
 			parse!("!a / !b"),
 			el!(BinaryOp(
-				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("a".to_owned())))),
+				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("a".into())))),
 				BinaryOpType::Div,
-				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("b".to_owned()))))
+				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("b".into()))))
 			))
 		);
 	}
@@ -549,7 +552,7 @@
 			parse!("!!a"),
 			el!(UnaryOp(
 				UnaryOpType::Not,
-				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("a".to_owned()))))
+				el!(UnaryOp(UnaryOpType::Not, el!(Var("a".into()))))
 			))
 		)
 	}